Monday, February 21, 2011

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Carrowmore (An Cheathrú Mhor)

Carrowmore, An Cheathrú Mhor in Gaelico Irlandese, è uno dei quattro principali cimiteri megalitici d'Irlanda. Si trova al center of a broad range of prehistoric ritual, on the Cuil Irra Peninsula in County Sligo. A
today can be visited Carrowmore megalithic tombs around thirty. In their original state, these tombs were mostly composed of a dolmen, more or less large, enclosed by a circle of stones with diameters between 12 and 15 meters, in addition, each monument is located on a small level platform of earth and stone . One reason for the extraordinary degree of conservation of these monuments is the presence of a solid and well assembled reinforcement at the base of the stones erected vertically. The combination of 5 of this orthostats, surmounted by a keystone, pentagonal form a burial chamber. The stone circle exterior is made up of 30-40 blocks, usually of gneiss. Sometimes there is also an inner circle of stones. The "corridor" formed by a double row of rough stones, stress the orientation of the satellite graves, almost all directed towards the central monument. The complex is spread over an area of \u200b\u200bapproximately 1 x 0.6 km, almost oval in shape with the center, in a raised position, the central monument, a mound called Listoghil (Tomba scored 51), now completely restored.
Listoghil or Tomb 51


The radiocarbon dating carried out in the 70s, 80s and 90s of last century have shown the sights of Carrowmore how about going back to 5400 BC, which has aroused considerable controversy in the scientific community as contrary to the common idea and most accepted that these monuments date from the Neolithic period and the Mesolithic as indicated by carbon-14, but can not be considered 100% accurate. The possible age of this site, however, is supported by similar datings performed on chamber tombs and some Breton Mesolithic microliths found in the area of \u200b\u200bCounty Sligo. If these theories are confirmed would place the construction of the complex before the advent of agriculture itself in Ireland, before the construction of Newgrange and Knowth and would do the Carrowmore megalithic Europe's oldest.



51 Dolmen Tomb central

Carrowmore, however, retains the classic structure of the Irish megalithic burial sites such as Newgrange and Loughcrew with which it shares the structural scheme and building materials.
Almost all the burials were cremations Carrowmore, this is the only burial the site is to Listoghil, the central mound, also known as Tomb 51. Probably it was some prominent personalities who, given the grandeur of the monument and the uniqueness of the burial. In fact the body was stripped before being buried (similar to what has been found to Poulnabroune in Clare) and was accompanied by a series of ritual objects such as pins with mushroom-shaped heads and balls of stone or clay (ordinary objects more than one funeral of Irish Neolithic Age).

Some of the graves and surrounding wells contained shells and shells of crustaceans, che si ricollegano alla pratica di raccogliere frutti di mare sulle pescose coste della penisola di Cuil Irra (per inciso il nome del maggior centro urbano della zona, Sligo, deriva dal Gaelico Irlandese Sligeach, che significa "Fiume ricco di conchiglie”).
I megaliti di Carrowmore vennero riutilizzati dalle popolazioni dell’Età del Bronzo e dell’Età del Ferro, rimanendo uno dei punti focali per le credenze religiose e folkloristiche locali per molti secoli dopo la loro costruzione, venendo di volta in volta utilizzati come luoghi di aggregazione per feste pagane pure o “cristianizzate”, oppure identificate come sepolture o monumenti alla memoria di antichi Eroi caduti in battaglia.
The Knocknarea seen from the grave 7

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